Abstract
Author(s): Mohammed Y Almaghrabi
The microRNA-200 family is a small molecule which can play a potential role in cancer diagnosis and treatment. The miR-200 family includes 5 members (miR-200a, -200b, -200c, -141, -429). The steady decrease of miR- 200 family expression correlated with the increasing number of lymph node metastasis in breast cancer. The miR-200 family is down regulated in gastric cancer. Expression of miRNA-200 family members and ZEB2 associated with brain metastases of gastric adenocarcinoma. miR200 family can inhibit ovarian cancer cell invasiveness and metastasis. Downregulation of both miR-200c and miR-141 independently predicted disease-free survival in hepatocellular carcinoma. It is still challenging to use miR-200 family in daily practice since most of the published studies at a preclinical phase. Redoubling the efforts and another manner should be created to accelerate the implementation.
The landmark study of lin-4 in Caenorhabditis elegans identified a novel class of molecules called microRNA (miR), which are small non-coding RNAs consisting of 18–25 nucleotide base pairs. These small nucleic acids regulate gene expression by binding to the 3′ untranslated region (3′-UTR) of mRNA, resulting in translational repression or transcript degradation. Over 2,500 miRs have been identified in the human genome since their discovery in 1993 and it has been determined that 30–50% of genes that code for proteins are controlled by miR in humans.
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