G. Ricci^{* *}Correspondence: G. Ricci, Department of Molecular Biology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy, Email:

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1. Editorial

An asexual form of reproduction is cloning. We must first understand the fundamentals of sexual reproduction in order to comprehend the technique. Each person's body cell has a total of 46 chromosomes, and each gamete, which consists of the sperm and egg cells of a man and a woman, contains 23 chromosomes. Since during procreation the fertilized egg and the spermatozoa combine to generate a new life, which will have a complete complement of genes (46) in each and every cell of the body once, 23 from the woman and 23 from the man, the gametes only have half the chromosomes that a body cell has. Following generations' body cells would continue to contain an increasing number of chromosomes if gametes had entire sets of chromosomes. Cloning occurs somewhat similarly, but because the aim is to produce an organism that is genetically similar to one model, reproduction must take place using only one of that person's or that thing's chromosomes (the genetic material). Only researchers working in labs can complete this (asexual). The procedure is as follows: One body cell is extracted from the model, and the cell's centre is eliminated. Following that, the center of the cell of the body is inserted into an "empty" egg cell. The egg cell that has been implanted now has 46 chromosomes, just like it does after sexual fertilization, but these haploid cells are from one person, not even from two, a man and the woman. Whether therapeutic or reproductive cloning is being practiced will determine what happens to this fertilized egg cell next. If a large company had a method for creating transplanted organs for instance, and had it patented, it could generate a significant amount of money since everyone who wanted to use the method in this case, those in need of organs would have to pay the company. Even if the goal of cloned is to produce an exact replica, if researchers succeeded in cloning a human that looks exactly like the original, it brings up the question of whether the cloned person is an independent person with rights that are equal to those of other people. Research on and methods for human cloning could expose the clone to unacceptably high dangers such a reduced life, poor health, or other unidentified issues. In the end, the widespread legalization of cloning could result in a disregard for human life and the value of each individual, which might ultimately devalue all people. Modern assisted-reproduction procedures have considerably decreased the very small percentage of men and women who fail to produce any eggs or sperm. It would be nearly impossible to stop the spread of cloning if it could be developed and applied to this small population. Additionally, the term "genetically related" is used in this argument to refer to a situation that never before arisen in human history and that eliminates the genetic differences which have always occurred between parent and offspring. Most proponents of cloning also support altering the human species' genetic makeup. Human cloning, which "copies" an existing genome, is a crude form of eugenics, whereas inheritable genetic modification permits the production of "designer babies" by changing specific genes. But for inheritable genetic alteration to be commercially viable, cloning technologies are required. This is the more profound and pervasive rationale driving a lot of the support for human cloning.

According to the center for genetics and society, the case for legal human cloning is not strong when all the evidence is taken into account, and the risks of doing so are significant. In the case of therapeutic cloning, its benefits appear to somewhat outweigh its drawbacks. However, there are far too many ifs and ifs in the case of reproductive cloning for that to be true. Additionally, there are ideas like replacement cloning, which enables the creation of a copy of a previously lived person, and persistence cloning, which enables the creation of a cloned body to stop the ageing process. These ideas remain on the paper, so it’s a little early to discuss them. Even therapeutic cloning is currently “an active area of research” rather than a fully established medical specialty.